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Frequently asked questions

What do I do if the domain name I wanted is already registered - taken by someone else?

The answer depends on under which Top Level Domain the domain name is registered. If the domain name is registered under the generic Top Level Domains (.com, .net, .org) and the registration has been conducted in bad faith and is intruding into the Intellectual Property rights of someone else, a process can be started to regain the domain name.

The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), Arbitration and Mediation Centre have administered a large proportion of the domain name disputes that has arisen. My advice to when starting a new business is to register the domain name under as many TLDs as possible. By doing so the name of the business name is protected in a fairly cheap way compared to the costs involved in a future purchase or a litigation process.

I haven't received any invoice for my domain names. I am unsure of when and to where I have to pay. What happens if don't pay, will I loose my rights to the domain names?

It is very important that the contact information given at the registration moment is correct and that this information is frequently updated.

If the invoice has not arrived as it should, there is a possibility that the information is wrong. If the registration fee is not paid in due time to the Top Level Domain Registry, one might loose the control of the domain name.

Common practice among the Top level Domain Registries is that the domain name will be inactivated at first and later laid out for others to register.

What is ICANN?

ICANN (The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers) is the what you might call the government of Internet Domain name structure. It is ICANN that lays out the framework for how the DNS should work and develop. ICANN has it's headquarters in California , USA.

When will new Top Level Domains (TLDs) be created?

ICANN decides that new TLDs will be established. TLDs are divided in to 2 groups. limited and unlimited .

An example of an unlimited TLD is .com, which is of course available for anyone to register. ICANN has expressed that at least one new TLD out of each group be established. Which these TLDs are has not yet been decided since it is up to everyone that wants to administer and run a TLD to apply for it through ICANNs New TLD process.

Search reports domain is avaliable although I know it's taken. Why?

You must not enter "www" in front of the domain name.

In "www.domaininfo.com" only "domaininfo.com" is the domain name. www in this case is not a part of the domain name but indicates the computer resource name. If you do enter "www" you may recieve an "available", even though the domain name is taken. You cannot search on sub-domains either, since these are unknown to others than the owner of the first-level domain. Entering dots (.) into the search is only allowed as a separator between the first-, and top-level domain.

Search is to be entered in the form FIRST-LEVEL, TOP-LEVEL, for example: domaininfo.com, tuborg.dk, rover.co.uk, ports.se etc.

Why is not "www" a part of the domain name?

Many people think that the "www" in "www.mydomain.tld" (tld = top-level domain) is a part of the domain name. That is not the case.

"Www" in this case is the name of the computer resource. When you write "www.mydomain.tld" you call for a web service on a computer connected to the Internet. It could equally well be called "zzz", "w3", "johndoe", "computer17" or anything at all. The reason for naming computers with a web service to "www" is that this name suggests that this computer indeed has a web service.

The address of the computer will consequently the same as the web address if the computer is a web server. A computer could have many names and be on many domains, and so the same web could have many addresses.

Also, you can have many webs on one computer. Even less than "www" is "http://" a part of the domain name. HTTP stands for "Hypertext transfer protocol" and the reason for writing this is to tell the web browser to call for the web service on the computer to which you are connecting. Most web browsers will by themselves put "http://" in front of the web address if you don't type it in.

What is top-level domain, domain address, second-level domain and domain name?

Domain, domain address, second-level domain or domain name are different names for the same thing.

Examples of domain names are dipcon.com domaininfo.com, ports.se, tuborg.dk, rover.co.uk, usr.ru etc. You could say that the domain name denotes a group of computers on the Internet. A domain consists of many parts.

If we take the domain aero.volvo.se for example, it's made up of three parts. (www.aero.volvo.se is a computer in the domain volvo.aero.se, as is explained above). Taking it backwards, se is the top-level domain. The domain se is the country top-level domain (often abbreviated TLD) for Sweden , and all domains under it (whatever.se) are sub-domains to it.

Thus volvo is a sub-domain to se and a second-level domain, owned by the company volvo, and aero is a sub-domain to volvo.se. As can be seen, a dot is always separates the different domains and sub-domains from each other, and this is why there may never be dots in the domain name.

Sub-domains need never be registered other than with the owner of the domain. You register volvo.se at the se registry, but aero.volvo.se at Volvo company's own network administration. You could imagine more sub-domains in the example above, like gothenburg.economy.aero.volvo.se for example, which could then be the domain for Volvo Aero Economy Division's Gothenburg office.

The domain in the example above - aero.volvo.se - has in fact four parts. There is actually a top-level domain called "." ("dot nothing") which signifies the whole Internet and is the top-level domain for all top-level domains. So to be totally correct, we should write aero.volvo.se. - that is with a dot at the end. Usually you don't write it, since it is somewhat confusing as it is with all the other dots, but it could be a good thing to know that se, or uk , jp, com, net and org are really sub-domains to the top-level domain.

What is a DNS (domain name server)?

All traffic over the Internet is really controlled with numeric addresser (IP addresses). Try for example to enter 193.14.90.63 in your web browser and you will see that you connect to www.domaininfo.com.

A DNS or domain name server is simply a computer with software that converts the alphanumeric internet addresses (like www.domaininfo.com) into the numeric IP address 193.14.90.63. DNS's also communicate with each other to be able to respond to queries.

Your domain has to be registered in a DNS for it to be possible for other people and computers to reach it with the alphanumeric address. Also the DNS must know on what IP address your web is, and to which mail server your domain's e-mail should be sent.

Can I register more than one domain?

In the international domains .com, .net and .org anybody can register as many domains as one wants. For the country-specific top-level domains the rules vary greatly. In the .fi TLD you may register a domain only if you have local presence.

Can a private person register a domain name?

Yes, the international top-level domains (.com, .net .org) are available for registration for all. In country code top level domains the rules vary greatly.

Which domains should I register?

Primarily, you should register a domain in the country code top level domain of the firm's home country. If this is not possible (for example if it will give an unsuitable domain name or the rules for registration are too demanding, or even that the domain is unavailable for registration), you should register in the gTLDs, generic top level domains, .com, .net, .org, .biz and .info.

Sometimes there may be reasons for registering in all gTLDs. Furthermore we recommend you to register your domain in the countries in which you are represented.

Why should I register more than one domain?

Whether you should register a domain of course only you could decide. All we can do to help you is to offer good advice.

There are several different reasons for registering a domain. Most common today is that you register one or more domain names to protect your name on the Internet. It's important to be out in good time, since about 6.000 domain names are registered every day. Even if domain name thefts no longer are that commmon, there are many people, services and companies with similar names and ideas.

Also common is to register a domain name to create your own identity on the Internet. E-mail is used extensively throughout the world and companies, organizations and private persons want to get e-mail and web addresses that stay the same. There could be problems with having an e-mail address in the form myname@ISPdomain.tld and a web address http://www.subdomainforcustomers.ISPdomain.tld/~companyname, which only last as long as you stay with the same ISP (internet service provider).

If you have your own domain you never have to change e-mail- and web addresses. If you have your own service on the Internet it could be a good thing to let it have its own web address. Cf www.yahoo.com, www.domaininfo.com, etc. If you do business in more than one country it could be useful to reserve domain names in the countries in which you are represented and also in the international top-level domains .com, .net, .org.

Can I register domains in different countries?

Of course, but registration in some countries' top level domains requires local representation.

Do I need local representation to register a country code top level domain?

In the international top-level domains .com, .net and .org anybody can register any number of domains without any special demands. For the country-specific top-level domains the rules vary greatly.

Do I need a connection to the Internet to register my own domain?

Well, a web and a mailserver always has to be permanently connected to the Internet, but you could always turn to a web hosting service, for example Ports.net.

Can I put my .com domain on a server in any country?

Yes, domains are completely geographically independent. You can put a russian domain on a server in Chile if you wish it. In some contries' top-level domains however, the domain has to be pointed by a DNS in the country. At Ports you could put whatever domains you like.

See also Ports' domain services.

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